Class 11th , Chapter 4, Physical Education and Sports for Differently Abled, CBSE
Very Short Answer Type Questions (1 Mark Each)
Q.1 What is adaptive physical cducation?
Ans. Through adaptive physical education CWSN (students) are encouraged to participate in safe, satisfactory physical activitics. Activities and rules are modified to accomodate CWSN students.
Q.2 What is integrated physical cducation?
Ans. Integrated physical education is a comprehensive concept, it is not only limited to physical activities, games and sports but has become a complete discipline. It is a combination of other subjects with physical education.
Q.3 What is inclusion?
Ans. Inclusion is not a favour we do for students with disabilities. Inclusion means to enable students with special needs to study and learn along with other students. Students with special needs participate in the same activities, in the same space, with the same assessments as all other students. Modifications are applied when neede.
Q.4 What do you mean by inclusion in physical education?
Ans. Inclusion in physical education means that students with disabilities participate in all activities equally with other students Students with disabilities leam the same curriculum content, with the same lesson objective, in the same space, with the same assessment as all other students. Modifications are applied where needed.
Q.5 What are the two benefits of inclusive education.
Ans. 1. Increase social skills.
2. Increase motor skills.
3. Increase friend skills.
Question for 3 Marks (60 Words)
Q.1 Write a short note on the origin of Para Olympic Games.
Ans. In the second world war majority of people suffercd. They lost their will power and kept remembering the horrors of wars all the time. In1960 Rome Olympic, Sir Ludwig Collected 400 disabled Athletes and organized games and it was named Para-Olympics. Shooting was the first game to be introduced in Para Olympic games, the international Para Olympic committee is responsible for organizing summer and winter Olympic game. The head quarter IPC is situated in Bonn (Germany). The symbol of Para Olympic Games is three colours red, Blue and green flag and the motto of Para Olympic is 'Spirit in Motion' 2014 winter para Olympic games was successfully hosted by Russia.
Q.2 Dcscribc the principles of integrated and comprchcnsivc physical cducation.
Ans. (i) It should be based on the inter related sub-topics of physical education.
(ii) It should cater to the requirements of different people.
(iii) It should be capable of facing the challenges of the present and the future.
(iv) It should be capable of providing comprehensive and deep knowledge about physical education.
(v) It should motivate an individual to engage in a lifelong healthy and active
(vi) It should be able to develop social and emotional skill among people
Q.3 Write a note on special Olympic Bharat?
Ans. This organization was established in 2001, its aims is to increase the participation of differently abled person's in games and sports. Its another objectives was to develop leadership quality and healthy. This organization organizes sports competition at state level. It also serve talented players and train them for international games. After 2002, about 23,750 participants have participated in national games. Between 1987 and 2013, a total of 671 Indian athletes participated in Olympic. They won 246 Gold medals, 265 Silver medals, 27 bronze medals and they raised the glory of the country in the world. Today around 1 million athletcs are the members of this organization and 84905 coaches train these athletes. This organization does the all round development of the players through games and sports.
Q.4 How can we implement inclusive education in physical education?
Ans. PEER TO PEER: EVERYONE'S A PLAYER, EVERYONE'S A LEADER Special Olympics belicves in the power of sport and in the power of young pcople to build a more inclusive world. In a high quality Inclusive Physical Education classroom students recognize their abilities to create inclusive communities as they learn to valuc difference and appreciate each individual's unique gifts and talents. Peer to peer teaching is a fundamental strategy for implementing successful Inclusive Physical Education programs, but it is important that it be implemented in a truly inclusive manner and grounded in equality.
Questlon for 5 Mark (150 Words)
Q.1 Which principles are required to be followed to make the adapted physical education effective? Explain. Medical Examination :- It is very important for the success of programme related to a dated physical education. Otherwise it will be difficult to find out what kind of disability, the student is suffering from.
Ans. 1. There fore it is imperative to conduct medical examination of the students. Programmes according to the interest of the students:- programmes should be made keeping in mind the interest, capacity and previous experience of the students. The teachers should also have deep knowledge about it, then only they can make any successful programme. 2. Equipment should bc appropriatc :- Students should be provided with equipments asper disability concerned for example, students suffering from visual impairment should be given a ball with bell so that they may catch the ball as it rolls because of the sound. Thus such students can 3. make out the direction and distance of the ball. 4. Proper Environment:- The play area also should be limited because of the limited speed capacity of the children for example, speech impaired children be given rest in between the games. The play area should be limited to top smaller area.
Modification of rules:- Rules and regulation of the game and sports should be modified depending on the specific needs of students. In order to learn new skill they may be given extra time, extra cffort, extra rest and 2 marks in place of 1 mark. 5. Thus, they might be given the opportunity for all round development.
Q.2 Explain the concept of Inclusion.
Ans. A defining characteristic of an excellent physical education program is that it includes students with a diverse range of abilities, needs, interests and learning styles in meaningful learning experiences. The term "Inclusive Physical Education" reflects a program where respect and acceptance of all students, specifically students with disabilities, is an essential component of the classroom environment and teaching strategies. Inclusion is about creating a classroom in which every student is welcomed, valued, respected and enabled to reach his her full potential. In a successful Inclusive Physical Education program, all students are fully engaged in instructional activities, sharing equally and learning together. Although the activities may be modified or adapted, students with disabilities learn the same concepts, skills and content as all other students in the class. The result is educational cquity and access for all students!equity and access for all students! Inclusive Physical Education requires educators to believe in the concept that success for each student can be different The cducator must be willing to modify and adapt lessons and activities to ensure that every student learns and achieves success at his own pace and according to his own abilities. Educators see the abilities of all students as contributing to the whole class. Effective teaching for students with disabilities is basically the same as effective teaching for all students.
Q.3 What is the role of school counsellor in special education? The role of a school counsellor is to help all students, including those with special needs, to achieve there full potential. Introducing an appropriate individualised education programme (IEP) at early age can make all the differance, not only in these children's academic learning but in their emotional health and social adjustment and ultimately in their ability to become productive, contributing member of society.
Ans. Counselling sessions with specail education students. 3. Encouraging family involvement in IEP. Consulling with and working with other school staff to better understand the childs spcial needs. 4. Collaborating with other school and community professionals like, teachers, school, psychologist, physical therapist and occupational thrapist etc.
Q.4 What is thec need of inclusion in physical educaton?
Ans. Inclusion is needed for following reasons 1. Inclusion in physical education increases social skills of students with disabilities.. 2. Inclusion is needed to incrcase motor skills of students with disabilities. 3. A disablestudent gets cqual chance to participate in age appropriate activities so, it increases the confidence level. 4. Typical students get a chance to increase friendships with disable children. 5. Inclusive education provides an opprotunity to a typical students to go beyond tolerance to acceptance and advocacy. 6. Inclusive education enable a student to increase their knowledge and acceptance based on the "contact theory". Through frequency, meaningful and pleasent interactions, changes in attitude can occur. What is the role of occupolional therapist for special need children? Self care – An occupational therapist will help a child perform and be independent in self care skills like cating, dressing, toileting, bathing and grooming.
Play -An occpational therapist helps children participate and intercet with others in play. They may suggest modify cations in the position, mobility aids or modified toys to help a child to play. School -Occapational therapists help children participate and adcept to regular school. They may suggest aids for writing and other classroom activities to help them participate equally with other children. Children with special needs may also require special furniture to help them sit and write better. Environmental modificatons: Occuapational therapists can suggest modifications in the house, school or playgroud that will help the child participate more easily. Helping the child became independent early in life, will encourage them to live independently as an adult. Fine motor skilsl and Hand writing occupational therapists also play a role in helping a child improve their fine motor skills handwritting. They will be able to identify the specific deficits int he child and suggest activities that will help improve these skills. Splinting-Occupational & learapists can also make simple splints to help the child perform activities in a better way.Pacdeatric treatment-Physiotherapy can be used to treat children affected by 'Muscular Dystrophy'. These and other conditions may require the child to have help to improve balance, strength and co-ordination. Techniques of physiotherapy 1. Massage and manipulation 2. Exercise and movement 3. Eloctrotherapy 4. Hydrotherapy
Q.5. What is the contribution to special education teacher in developing education plans for special need children?
Ans. 1. Assess student's skills to determine their needs and to develop teaching plans. Adapt lessons to meet the needs of students. Develop Individualised education programs (IEPS) for students. 2. 3. 4. Plan, organise, and assign activitics that are spccific to cach student's ability. 5. Implement IEPS, assess students. 6. Update IEPS throughout the school year to reflect student's progress and goals.
Q.6. What is the role of a Physical Education teacher for children with special needs.
Ans. Physical Educations teacher: Physical Education forms an important part of the K- 12 curriculum. It helps to develop physical abilities and healthy habits in students. Regular physical exercises prove effective for the overall development of children.uch Programmes postively impact the life ofchildren with special needs by enhancing their motor skills, improving selfsteem, controlling obesity and encouraging an active lifestyle. Physical education teacher must find out the abilities of the children with special needs and adopt necessary measures to support their participation in Physical activities and improve their overall fitness levels. 1. Conducting physical activity programs help children to cope with anxicty, depression and stress. These help in their interaction with other students which increases their selfsteem and confidence levels. Such interactivions also enhance their communication skills and decision making skills. Session are conducted with parents and teachers to implement ways to encourage children with special needs to participate in sports activities. Physical education teacher need to determine the abilities of students with speical needs so that to design special sports activities acording to their need. 4. Speech Fluency/Stuttering Sluttering is a communication disorder that affects speech fluency. Therapist can teach the child startegies on how to control behaviour like tension in the neck, showdess, face, jaw, chest, cye blink, ctc. and thus increasing lies speech flucncy and intelligibility. 5. Voice and Resonance Voice disorders refer to disorders that effect the vocal folds that allow us to have
Q.7. What is the role of specch language pathologist for special need children?
Ans. Specch thcrapist/pathologist works with children with a varietes of delay and disorder such as autisum. Down syndrome, hearing imparirment, motor speech disorders, and other developmental delays. They help child with : Articulation skills/speech intelity articulation is the physical ability to move the 1. togue, lips, jaw and palate (known as the articulators) to produce individual speech sounds which we phonemes. Expressive Language Skills While speech involves the physical motor disability to talk, language is a symbolic system used to convey a message. Proper use of these is developed by speech therapist. 2. Receptive Language/Listening Skills Rcceptive language, refers to child's ability to listen and understand language. Therapist can help teach the child new vocabulary and how to use that knowledge to follow direction, answer question and participate in single 3. conversations with others. Physiotherapist - Physiotherapist are trained to evaluate and improve the function of the Physiotherapist are trained to evaluate and improve the function of the body, with particular attention to physical mobility, balance, posture, fatigue and pain. The physical therapy programme involves cducating the child about the physical problems caused by their disability, designing and invidualised wise programme to address the problems, and enhancing mobility and energy conservation through the use of a variety of mobility aids and adaptive equipments. Physiotherapy can be used to help children who have a neurological condition that affects the nervous system, such as multiple scllrosis, stroke and cerebral palsy. Physiotherapy can bc uscd to treat injurics that offect the bone, joints and muscles such as sparts unjuries and arthritis.
